Innovative ideas, new products and return on investments...it all starts with an idea, said Michael Kaplan, engineer - and today's guest speaker for SOAR. Using a simple soap dispenser as an example, students contemplated all the parts needed to put together a new invention.
Michael asked if anyone had ever had an idea for a product to invent, noting that very little of what students saw around them was invented without engineering.
"Engineering and invention are intimately connected," Michael pointed out to the eighth graders.
"Necessity is the mother of invention," he noted. Maxx said, "If you feel like you need something, you invent it." Sergey added, "If you're going to sell it for a million a day, you have to make sure it's something people want."
When customers come to see Michael at ABCO, he wants to make sure that his product can improve quality, save time and save labor. One way to save labor, he said, was to improve technology. A few manufacturing slides were used to illustrate his points. Examples included a compact case, deodorant container, a toothpaste tube.
Turning ideas into functional and manufacture-able products is Michael's definition of engineering. The products have to work, he pointed out. You want to make sure that you have not violating a previous patent. It must be possible to put the product together with existing technology, and the process must be cost-effective and safe for the consumer and the manufacturer.
Students gave examples of dangerous industries: coal mining, fishing. Michael spoke about the ethical implications in making decisions what to produce.
Quality control must be consistent and supply and demand must be balance in order for the product to be successful. If a company does not produce enough, the customer will be upset - even though demand on many products is cyclical. Michael used freeze pops as an example. Freeze pops are made in January and stored so that they may keep up with the high summer demand beginning in May - a good example of supply and demand balance.
Money, cost, labor costs, time costs, size, speed are constraints in making a product, noted the students. Michael was amazed that students came up with all of his points!
"Time to market" - the sooner one can get the product to market, the sooner it can be sold, said Michael. This was an important concept for students to absorb. He further explained some of the upfront investments before a product is created and then produced.
Michael asked if there was anything unsafe in the room. Using the door as an example, he noted that one can walk into a door, pinch fingers in the hinges or in the doorway. We accept the inherent dangers of doors because the alternatives are not acceptable for aesthetic or cost reasons or practicality. Known hazards are acceptable, because we know how to handle them. Are doors a dangerous product, he queried - or is a door a compromise product. Child-proof containers are another example of a compromise. ABCO discusses these issues all the time when making its products. Time, material and safety are all issues considered in compromises.
Design-Build-Test is a loop his company uses. They start with a concept and then use a computer program to draw it up and model it. Next, they build it, which costs a great deal in labor and materials. The last stage is to test the product, and redesign, rebuild and retest until the product works.
In the design phase, designs are put on paper: hand sketches, CAD/CAM software, programing software. A concept is developed and problems are identified and refined (risk assessment), and feasibility is checked. They concentrate on the hardest part of the project first.
Students handled the inner parts of a soap dispenser to try to come up with the information they might need to produce the product. They came up with questions they might ask a potential customer, including how the products will be packed and shipped, how many parts per minute can be made, how will incoming materials be supplied, what variations of parts are acceptable, what chemicals are being handled. They discussed processes required for assembly, determination of quality, delivery, floor space required for machinery, budget constraints, time constraints, preferred suppliers of components. After students handled the soap dispenser parts, Michael showed them videos of the first trials of producing them - including mistakes made.
In the test phrase, engineers compare the function of finished products to the original goals. Redesign and rebuilding may be required, as well as determining areas of required improvement, whether they be manufacturing efficiency, purchased component selection or additional functionality. A discussion of patents and legal ownership of ideas (intellectual property) ensued. "You can't patent it unless you're the owner," said Michael. Who owns the design may depend on how a contract is written. That's why people keep invention journals and protect their inventions. To own a patent, one must create the product with one's own resources. If a product already exists, a patent search may be required. Patents clearly establish legal ownership, establish professional reputations and allows for temporary "cornering of the market" said Michael, It is, however, an expensive process and requires public disclosure, allowing companies to find "work arounds."
Jordan asked what would happen if the design-build-test loop did not work after several iterations. He explained that the answer often depended on budget and time. She and Celia suggested a new product: caffeinated gum. No spills, no mess...Michael suggested to figure out on your own how to take the product to market in a small batch. Make enough to sell at the next Israel trip fundraiser and sell it locally. While you are doing that, he said, keep notes, a video diary, and have witnesses to your design notebook. By bringing the product to market, you have documentation for your use if you choose to patent - or sell it to a company.
I could see the students buzzing about potential products as they left the session. Thanks to Michael for putting the gears in motion!
Michael asked if anyone had ever had an idea for a product to invent, noting that very little of what students saw around them was invented without engineering.
"Engineering and invention are intimately connected," Michael pointed out to the eighth graders.
"Necessity is the mother of invention," he noted. Maxx said, "If you feel like you need something, you invent it." Sergey added, "If you're going to sell it for a million a day, you have to make sure it's something people want."
When customers come to see Michael at ABCO, he wants to make sure that his product can improve quality, save time and save labor. One way to save labor, he said, was to improve technology. A few manufacturing slides were used to illustrate his points. Examples included a compact case, deodorant container, a toothpaste tube.
Turning ideas into functional and manufacture-able products is Michael's definition of engineering. The products have to work, he pointed out. You want to make sure that you have not violating a previous patent. It must be possible to put the product together with existing technology, and the process must be cost-effective and safe for the consumer and the manufacturer.
Students gave examples of dangerous industries: coal mining, fishing. Michael spoke about the ethical implications in making decisions what to produce.
Quality control must be consistent and supply and demand must be balance in order for the product to be successful. If a company does not produce enough, the customer will be upset - even though demand on many products is cyclical. Michael used freeze pops as an example. Freeze pops are made in January and stored so that they may keep up with the high summer demand beginning in May - a good example of supply and demand balance.
Money, cost, labor costs, time costs, size, speed are constraints in making a product, noted the students. Michael was amazed that students came up with all of his points!
"Time to market" - the sooner one can get the product to market, the sooner it can be sold, said Michael. This was an important concept for students to absorb. He further explained some of the upfront investments before a product is created and then produced.
Michael asked if there was anything unsafe in the room. Using the door as an example, he noted that one can walk into a door, pinch fingers in the hinges or in the doorway. We accept the inherent dangers of doors because the alternatives are not acceptable for aesthetic or cost reasons or practicality. Known hazards are acceptable, because we know how to handle them. Are doors a dangerous product, he queried - or is a door a compromise product. Child-proof containers are another example of a compromise. ABCO discusses these issues all the time when making its products. Time, material and safety are all issues considered in compromises.
Design-Build-Test is a loop his company uses. They start with a concept and then use a computer program to draw it up and model it. Next, they build it, which costs a great deal in labor and materials. The last stage is to test the product, and redesign, rebuild and retest until the product works.
In the design phase, designs are put on paper: hand sketches, CAD/CAM software, programing software. A concept is developed and problems are identified and refined (risk assessment), and feasibility is checked. They concentrate on the hardest part of the project first.
Students handled the inner parts of a soap dispenser to try to come up with the information they might need to produce the product. They came up with questions they might ask a potential customer, including how the products will be packed and shipped, how many parts per minute can be made, how will incoming materials be supplied, what variations of parts are acceptable, what chemicals are being handled. They discussed processes required for assembly, determination of quality, delivery, floor space required for machinery, budget constraints, time constraints, preferred suppliers of components. After students handled the soap dispenser parts, Michael showed them videos of the first trials of producing them - including mistakes made.
In the test phrase, engineers compare the function of finished products to the original goals. Redesign and rebuilding may be required, as well as determining areas of required improvement, whether they be manufacturing efficiency, purchased component selection or additional functionality. A discussion of patents and legal ownership of ideas (intellectual property) ensued. "You can't patent it unless you're the owner," said Michael. Who owns the design may depend on how a contract is written. That's why people keep invention journals and protect their inventions. To own a patent, one must create the product with one's own resources. If a product already exists, a patent search may be required. Patents clearly establish legal ownership, establish professional reputations and allows for temporary "cornering of the market" said Michael, It is, however, an expensive process and requires public disclosure, allowing companies to find "work arounds."
Jordan asked what would happen if the design-build-test loop did not work after several iterations. He explained that the answer often depended on budget and time. She and Celia suggested a new product: caffeinated gum. No spills, no mess...Michael suggested to figure out on your own how to take the product to market in a small batch. Make enough to sell at the next Israel trip fundraiser and sell it locally. While you are doing that, he said, keep notes, a video diary, and have witnesses to your design notebook. By bringing the product to market, you have documentation for your use if you choose to patent - or sell it to a company.
I could see the students buzzing about potential products as they left the session. Thanks to Michael for putting the gears in motion!
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